Combustion apparatus and gas-producer.



G. H. NILES.

COMBUSTION APPARATUS AND GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED 313.15, 1908.

1,078,160. Patented Nov. 11, 1913.

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GLENN n. NILES, or s'r. Louis, ivrrssouni.

coMBUsTIo APPARATUS AND GAS-PRODUCER. j

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GLENN H. Nuts, a citizen of the'United States of America, residing at the city of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combustion Apparatus and Gas-Producers, of which the fol lowing is a full, clear, and exact description,

reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification.

My invention relatesto an apparatus for use in burning fuel without the production of smoke and in which I am able to carry ters and such solid matters as they carry, are

mixed with the non-combustible gases, which supply sufficient heat to the volatile matters to ignite them and maintain com bustion. The necessary amount of oxygento maintain complete combustion may be supplied in the fuel as the volatile matters.

are relieved therefrom, or the'volatile matters removed from the fuel may be enriched by the mixingof oxygen therewith, after the volatile matters have been removed from the generator in which they are produced and are being consumed in the presence of the non-combustible gases that supply heat to them.

The drawing is a vertical section taken through my apparatus.

In the accompanying drawing: A designates the vertically arranged front generator or fire chamber of my apparatus, at the bottom of which is a grate B by which the fuel to be combusted is supported. The lower portion a of the generator chamber serves as a combustion portion of the chamher, while the upper portion a serves as a carbonizing or coking portion of said chamber. Fuel is introduced into the generator A through the charging doorway a located at the top of the generator chamber.

a is a rake-out doorway immediately above the grate B.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 11 1913'.

Application filed February 15, 1908. Serial No. 416,035. Y

79 is theash-pit door which provided with a front damper (Z through which an auxiliary supply of air may be admittedto f the ash-pit beneath the grate.

Separate from the generator chamber A is a mixing'chamber G, which. is'adapted to receive the products of combustion from the combustion zone of the generator chamber,

and also from the carbonization Zoneof said chamber, these products being mixed, and if desired, completely burnedby a proper control of the air passages andflues to be hereinafter referred to. In the present embodimerit, the mixing chamber G is disposed above and to one side of the generator chamber A, and is connected with the upper end of the carbonization Zone by an upper flue E, through which the volatile matters and solid matters suspended therein may be carried into the mixing chamber. The passage of the volatile matters and solid matters through said upper'flue is regulated by a damper or controlling device c.

F is a lower flue having a lower upwardly inclined portion and. a vertical portion leading from the lower combustion portion a of the generator chamber to the mixing chamber G, said flu-ebeing so located as to have communication with said combustion portion of the generator chamber at a dividing point beneath which combustion of fuel takes place and above which carbonization of the fuel occurs. I The point just men'- tioned is designated in the drawings at The lower flue F serves to conduct the'noncombustible gases from thecombustion portion a of the generator chamber to the miX- ing chamber G, and the passage ofthe gases through the'flue F is governed by a damper f located across the vertical portion thereof. A suitable draft producing means is included in my apparatus, the meansI have shown for producing the draft being a chimney flue O which is controlled by a damper 0 located across the lower portion thereof. Any other suitable means for producing the draft, such as a blower, may; however, be employed in lieu'of said chimney flue.

D designates an air supply chamber within the wall of my apparatus, in front of the generator chamber, into which air is admitted through a suitable front inlet 01 that is controlled by a suitable damper. The air supply chamber which in addition to supplying air, serves to afiord insulation and prevent radiation of heat units, extends into 1 j jux'ta-position with the combustion chamber G at therear and oxygen is supplied to said 7- chamber.

Q In the and is controlled by :10

combustion chamber from. said air chamber through a secondary upwardly inelinedair port d, that is controlled by aidamper d. The air chamber D :at the rear of the front generator, chamher that leads downwardly to the ash-pit through-whichair may be supplied to' the lower combustion portion a 'of-theggenerator practical"- use of my apparatus, fuel is ch-ai'gedinto the'up-per or 'carbonizing portionof-the generator chamber A, after a fire has been. started inthe lower'or combustionportion ct of said chamber. Then 'thevolatilemattersin-thecfuel that hasbeen charged into-the carboni-zingportion-of the r 20 fthrough the upper horizontal flue E, into generator chamberare driven oil and'pass the 'rear combustion chamber G. -At the I same-time, the non-combustion gases formed in'the-lower combustion portlon 0 of the generator chamberpass upwardly by the fuelthrough'the lower flue F and mix with-the volatile matters entering into I the rear mixing chamber 1 G, to supply the necessary heat for: thelignition and complete combustion of the volatile matters. A sufficient amount of air to maintain combustion inthe-rear mixing chamberG may be delivered to said rear combustion chamber by feeding an excess of. air through the generator chamber, admitted either V the-ash-pit door or-throLrgh-the air chamber in said mi-xingchamber I ducerby admitting supply ofiair,

tiont'heymix-ing chamber-G. In operating duct D or 7 theair to 'maintain combustion may be admitted directly int-othe chamber from the air chamber D,-through-the;port d The fuel in the upper'portion aotthe generator chamber "carbonizes during the operation. of. the apparatus-and descends in the generator chamber to the lowercombustion portion a of the chamber to beeome 1 comes consumedin the --lower portion :of the chamber.

It will be appreciated that the apparatus describedherein-maybe used as a gas prono air, or an :insuflic-ient to support complete combus- D includes a lower air duct a damper (Z and through the damper d the apparatus as a gas producer, the vari ous gases delivered from the several zones in the generator meet in the chamber G and .are there mixed and transformed into a fixed gas inthe presence of the intense heat derived from the parts of combustion from the combustion zone a. It is thus intended to utilize, as far'as possible, the heat con- *t'ained in the products of combustion to 'form a fixed gas in the mixing chamber, whichis provided for vthis purpose; said mixing chamber being disposed hetween the generator and thepoint at which ;the :gases are to be'consumed. It is a well-known fact that a hydrocarbon gas oontainingrfree carbon, oily vapors, and tar in suspension (these being the products of carbonization) maybe mixed with carbon dioxid and nitrogen whensufliciently heated to form a: fixed gas, the free carbon and some ofth-e oily vapors and tar becoming incandescent, so that the oil and tar become gasified and fixed. Anyfree carbon which does not become embodieclin the-fixed gas willeunite with the carbon dioxidvto form two parts of carbon monoxidwhi-ch, of course, -is not a fixed. gas and is preferably but a small percentage of the gases present in'the mixture 5 I claim:

A combustion apparatus comprising a generator chaanber having a'lower combustion zone and antupper carboni'zation zone, atop charging doorway, a rate at the bottom-ofthegenerator chain er, an ash pit, a mixing chamber above, and separate I from, the generator chamber, an upperhorizontal line leading frolnthe upper carbonization zone to the'mi-xing chamber, a-lower flue having a lower upwardly inclined portion and a vertical portion and leading fromthe lower combustion zone to tlie said mixing chamber, an air supply chamber within the wall of the apparatus, in front of the generator chamber "and discharging through an upwardly inclined port into said mixing combnsting fuelandbeconsumed as rapidly V- as the prev-i-ouslycokedand lower fuel becombustion 1 chamber, and a lower air duct at the rear of the generatorchamber leading to thezash pit.

BLANC HE 'HocAN.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto seti Gopiesefthis patent-may be-obtained for five-cents ea-ch,--by addressing the Commissioner ,ofPatcnts, 

